Introduction
It breaks your heart as an owner to watch your beloved furry child hobble with arthritis, shiver from a thunderstorm, or even experience the pain of a seizure. The name “Gabapentin” may be on your veterinarian's list of recommendations when looking for a solution to ease their pain.
Gabapentin for Dogs: Veterinary Uses, Safety Alerts & Side Effects
As “mysterious” as it may sound, it's been getting a lot of attention in the veterinary field in recent years as an important tool in the fight against chronic pain, anxiety storms, and intractable epilepsy in dogs. Today, we're going to cut through the fog and take a closer look at this drug - what it's known for, what the risks are, and how to safely build a healthy barrier for our furry companions.
1. Not a panacea, but it opens multiple locks on pain and anxiety
Gabapentin is not a panacea, but it has shown value in specific areas:
Gently soothing chronic pain:
Imagine a dog that no longer grimaces at every flexion and extension of a joint and regains the small joy of jumping. Gabapentin often plays a key role in chronic, ongoing pain such as arthritis, disc problems or neuralgia. Like a master craftsman, it fills in the “gaps” of common painkillers such as NSAIDs or steroids.
It is particularly good at working on the nerve signaling pathway, effectively relieving pain that stems from nerve damage. Sometimes veterinarians pair it with other powerful opioids (such as morphine) for a synergistic “1+1 > 2” effect, allowing for better control of persistent pain that would otherwise be difficult to resolve by conventional means.
Guarding the calm: weathering the epileptic storm
Witnessing a seizure in your dog can be an extremely upsetting experience. Although gabapentin is rarely the “lone hero” (i.e., single agent) in the fight against epilepsy, it is often a powerful “ally”. In dogs that do not respond well to traditional anti-seizure medications or continue to have frequent seizures, the addition of gabapentin as an adjunctive therapy can help stabilize the brain's abnormal electrical activity more effectively, aiming for fewer and less severe seizures. It can play a key role in controlling the “epileptic storm”.
Soothing Nerves: Lifting the Clouds of Anxiety
Is your baby drooling and fidgeting in the car? Does she blow up when you arrive at the beauty parlor? Or does she start to stiffen up when she steps into the hospital? These “high-pressure moments” of situational anxiety can be torture for dogs. Happily, gabapentin has been found to help relieve stress in these situations.
Administered at a certain time in anticipation of these stressors (e.g., car rides, vet appointments, grooming, fireworks), it acts as an “emotional cushion” that reduces the intensity of the dog's perception of the stressor, making these “must-see” situations as tolerable as possible! It acts as an “emotional cushion” to reduce the intensity of the dog's perception of stress, making these “necessary steps” as tolerable as possible. This not only makes the dog comfortable, but also lightens the load on the owner's mind.
2. Beneath the glitter, safety alarms must be sounded
However, gabapentin is not a risk-free panacea. While embracing its therapeutic value, we must clearly recognize its safety boundaries:
The FDA has not yet given the green light, and clinical use is based on empirical evidence:
It should be clear that gabapentin has not yet been formally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in animals. Veterinarians use it primarily based on extensive clinical practice experience and published animal studies that demonstrate its effectiveness in specific situations. However, this does not mean that it is 100% safe and worry-free, and its optimal dosage range, safety use in the long term, and adaptability to different dog breeds are still being explored. Strict adherence to veterinary guidance is crucial.
Deadly Trap: Guard against xylitol in human liquid medications!
This is a life-threatening warning! Many human versions of gabapentin liquid dosage forms have the sweetener xylitol added. For dogs, xylitol is extremely toxic. Even a tiny intake may trigger hypoglycemia in dogs in a short period of time (manifested by weakness, ataxia, convulsions), and even more frightening is the severe liver damage or even failure that may follow, with an extremely high mortality rate.
Therefore, it is absolutely, positively forbidden to use human gabapentin liquid for dogs! Any gabapentin used for dogs must be a version formulated specifically for pets obtained through a veterinary prescription, whether it be an oral liquid, capsule or tablet, ensuring that it does not contain any xylitol ingredients. There is no room for compromise on this!
For special cases, double caution:
Patients with kidney disease: gabapentin is excreted primarily through the kidneys. Dogs with impaired kidney function clear the drug more slowly, and there is a higher risk of the drug accumulating in the body, which can lead to overdose or even toxic symptoms. Veterinarians will lower the dose accordingly and monitor closely.
Pregnant and lactating dogs: For pregnant or lactating moms, the effects of medications on fetuses or pups have not been well-studied and should be used with caution unless the veterinarian determines that the benefits far outweigh the risks.
History of drug sensitivity: If your dog has had serious adverse reactions to certain medications in the past or has a history of drug abuse, it is important to inform your veterinarian before use.
Stopping the medication is also a good idea: Do not “rush” the medication, especially in patients with epilepsy!
Gabapentin has a specific mechanism of action in the body. In dogs with epilepsy, it is extremely dangerous to stop the medication suddenly. It is like violently removing a pillar of support, and is likely to result in a sharp rebound of seizures, more frequent and more severe, or even induce a more dangerous persistent state.
Any time gabapentin is adjusted or discontinued (especially in epilepsy treatment), it must be done gradually, under the careful planning and guidance of your veterinarian, according to a specific “tapering program”, which may take several weeks or more. Discontinuing the medication without authorization can be disastrous.
3. The journey together: beware of possible temporary “discomfort”
As with many medications, gabapentin can cause some temporary “upsets” in some dogs - side effects:
The most common “sidekicks”:
Tiredness and lethargy: probably the most common reaction, the dog looks lazy, snoozes for longer periods of time and is less willing to move around.
Unsteady Gait: Like a drunk, the dog walks wobbly and has a poor sense of direction (medically known as ataxia).
Dizziness and lightheadedness: may be characterized by disoriented eyes and a poor sense of balance.
Minor gastrointestinal moods: such as a slight loss of appetite, soft stools or even vomiting. Usually these initial reactions lessen or disappear as the body adjusts to the drug (a few days to a week or two).
Rare, but alarming, “big storms”:
Although the probability is low, if it occurs, immediate medical attention is needed:
Extreme lethargy and coma: failure to wake up or unresponsiveness.
Difficulty breathing: shortness of breath, labored wheezing.
Severe allergic reactions: e.g., edema of the head and face, large hives all over the body, signs of shock (weakness, pale gums, weak rapid pulse).
Subtle changes in behavior:
A small number of dogs may show the opposite of what is expected after taking medication - becoming more agitated and aggressive, or extremely moody and sluggish. Owners who are keenly aware of these significant changes in behavior should speak with their veterinarian promptly to assess whether they are medication-related and whether adjustments to the regimen are needed.
4. Steering the ship: a practical guide to safe medication administration
For gabapentin to be an aid rather than a burden to your dog's health, it's crucial to know the right “rules of the road” for administering the drug:
Precise dosing is the cornerstone:
The dosage of gabapentin is not standardized and is determined by your dog's weight, health status (especially kidney function), severity of pain/anxiety, and therapeutic goals. Veterinarians often recommend starting with a low dose as a trial treatment, and then gradually and slowly increasing the dose under close observation to the lowest effective dose that achieves the desired effect (the “start low, climb slow” principle), which minimizes the occurrence of side effects. This is especially true for older dogs or dogs with liver or kidney problems.
Be your dog's “chief observer”:
You are the one who spends the most time with your dog, and your observations are one of the most important sources of information for your veterinarian to determine the effectiveness and safety of medications! Take careful notes:
How does his mental state change after taking the medication? (More relaxed? More lethargic? More anxious?)
Any improvement in pain? (Walking posture, ability to jump?)
Any change in seizure frequency?
How about gait balance?
Appetite and digestion (vomiting, soft stools)?
Any other abnormalities?
A detailed, up-to-date “dog medication diary” can help your veterinarian make precise adjustments to your dog's medication regimen. Don't overlook the smallest changes.
Potential undercurrents in the drug world: avoiding interactions
Gabapentin has a relatively independent metabolic pathway in the dog, but it can have unknown effects when “in the boat” with certain drugs. Commonly used medications that are known to be affected by it or can affect it include:
Antacids (especially stomach medications containing aluminum and magnesium): can significantly reduce the absorption of gabapentin and it is usually recommended that gabapentin be given at least 2 hours apart if needed.
Opioid analgesics (e.g. morphine, hydrocodone): strong synergistic effect mentioned earlier, but also need to be aware of the risk of superimposed side effects (e.g. excessive sedation). The combination needs to be closely monitored.
Before starting gabapentin, be sure to inform your veterinarian of all medications, nutritional supplements, and even daily supplements (e.g., fish oils, probiotics, etc.) that your dog is currently taking or has taken in the past few weeks! Allow your veterinarian to make a thorough evaluation and avoid potential “undercurrents”.
Gabapentin, like a double-edged sword, in the hands of a professional veterinarian, can be a powerful weapon to combat pain storms, calm seizure thunderstorms, dispel anxiety, and give our fur kids back their peace of mind. However, its power comes with risks that cannot be ignored and strict requirements for “precision” - especially the deadly pitfalls of xylitol in human medicine.
This trust and responsibility rests heavily on the shoulders of the owner: to choose a professional veterinarian for diagnosis and prescription guidance; to always, always use only pet-specific medications prescribed by the veterinarian, and to refuse any liquid medications of unknown origin or for human use; to follow the doctor's instructions for administration of medication and observation as if it were a precious treasure; and to remain sensitive to any whispers and communicate with the veterinarian in a timely manner.
Only in this way can we truly utilize this “key” to unlock a healthier and calmer sky for our beloved dogs, so that every snuggle and every run will be filled with peace of mind and the power of happiness. Gabapentin should not be an unfamiliar term, but should be one of your trusted allies when it comes to escorting your dog's health.
How Much Gabapentin Can I Give My Dog? Weight-Based Dosage Chart
Watching a dog limp with arthritis, shiver during a thunderstorm, or even experience a heartbreaking seizure, we always wish there was something we could do to alleviate the pain. Gabapentin is one of those “helper” medications that veterinarians often use to alleviate these pains. However, the real test of a pooper scooper's responsibility is how much to use and how to use it, rather than whether to use it or not. It is not a trivial matter to give too much or too little - insufficient dosage is like scratching an itch in a boot, making it difficult to achieve the effect of the medicine; too high a dosage may lead to drowsiness, stumbling or even more dangerous side effects, which is a bad thing to do out of good intentions. This guide explains how to find the “golden dose” of gabapentin for your furry child, especially the all-important weight-based dosing chart.
Gabapentin: more than just pain relief, it's a “nerve tranquilizer”
Gabapentin is not a traditional painkiller. It is more like a “neuromodulator” that responds to specific signals. It helps to “calm” the overactive “currents” in the brain and nervous system, thus producing multiple effects:
Soothing chronic pain: It is often effective in filling the gap for chronic, intractable pain such as neuropathic pain (e.g., disc problems) or arthritis, especially when conventional pain medications (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs) are limited in their effectiveness or have intolerable side effects.
Building a defense against “seizure storms”: Although less common on its own, as a “supportive warrior,” it can be used in conjunction with the main antiepileptic medications to provide more solid control of those intractable seizures and more peace of mind for the furry child.
Anxiety Storm Relief: Whether it's the fear of a thunderclap, the unknown stress of a trip to the hospital, or a car ride, the right dose of gabapentin ahead of time can create an “emotional buffer” that makes these scary moments relatively bearable.
Core guideline: Your dog's weight determines the safe dosage for him!
Please note: The following dosage chart is based on common veterinary clinical reference ranges and is an important starting point! However, it is not a substitute for a professional veterinarian's diagnosis and individualized prescription! Your veterinarian will evaluate your dog's specific condition (breed, age, liver and kidney function, other medical conditions, co-administration of other medications, etc.) to make precise fine-tuning.
(Thoughtfully labeled in both English and Chinese units: pounds & kilograms)
| Dog Weight (lbs) | Dog Weight (kg) | Low Dose Range (Mainly for Pain/Anxiety) | High Dose Range (Mainly for Epilepsy, Usually Combined with Other Drugs) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5-10 lbs | ~2.3-4.5 kg | 50 mg | 100 mg |
| 11-20 lbs | ~5.0-9.1 kg | 100 mg | 200 mg |
| 21-30 lbs | ~9.5-13.6 kg | 150 mg | 300 mg |
| 31-40 lbs | ~14.1-18.1 kg | 200 mg | 400 mg |
| 41-50 lbs | ~18.6-22.7 kg | 250 mg | 500 mg |
| 51-60 lbs | ~23.1-27.2 kg | 300 mg | 600 mg |
| 61-70 lbs | ~27.7-31.8 kg | 350 mg | 700 mg |
| 71-80 lbs | ~32.2-36.3 kg | 400 mg | 800 mg |
| 81-90 lbs | ~36.8-40.8 kg | 450 mg | 900 mg |
| 91-100 lbs | ~41.3-45.4 kg | 500 mg | 1000 mg |
(Very important): single administration dose. Usually every 8-12 hours for pain/anxiety treatment; epilepsy treatment usually needs to be strictly every 8 hours.
Key Takeaways Explained (the story behind the dosage schedule):
Pain Anxiety vs. Epilepsy: different targets, different dosages
With pain or anxiety, a relatively mild, low-dose zone is usually effective. The starting point is often at the “lower end” of the weight range.
For difficult epilepsy, a more powerful drug (high dose zone) is needed, and it needs to be “combined” with other antiepileptic drugs. It is also common to start at an intermediate dose.
Wherever possible, the starting dose should be “lower, not higher”! Give your body a period of adjustment.
Core dosing rules (formulas hidden in tables):
Pain/Anxiety: The target range is usually 5-10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (5-10 mg/kg). For example, a 10 kg dog would have a low dose range of approximately 50-100 mg.
Seizure Control: The target range is typically 10-20 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (10-20 mg/kg). Ditto for a 10 kg dog, which corresponds to 100-200 mg.
SAFE CEILING: Regardless of use, a single dose should not normally exceed 30 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (30 mg/kg) (unless specifically instructed to do so by your veterinarian under close supervision). Remember this is a warning line!
Frequency is the other half of success:
Pain and anti-anxiety medications have a limited duration of effectiveness and usually need to be administered every 8 to 12 hours to maintain a steady effect. Listen to your doctor's instructions for specific intervals.
For epilepsy management, maintaining stable and effective drug concentrations is critical for seizure control, so medications must be given strictly every 8 hours, like a precise guard shift, and absenteeism can lead to loss of guard.
Medication safety rules: be a careful guardian if you love it
The most ironclad rule of all: a veterinary prescription is the only legal basis!
This chart is only to help you understand your veterinarian's prescription and is not a basis for prescribing medication on your own! It is extremely dangerous to make unauthorized dosage decisions. You must follow your doctor's instructions for the first dose or for adjusting the dosage!
Be aware of the “little temperaments” of medicines: Side effect observations
Common “temporary reactions”: In the first few days of taking the medicine, a slight lethargy, drowsiness, walking like cotton (ataxia), a slight disorientation of the eyes (dizziness), or a deterioration of the appetite/vomiting of soft stools, etc., may occur! The majority will gradually adapt and resolve. Most will resolve gradually. Keep track of when it occurs and how long it lasts.
Danger Signs! Urgent medical attention: Don't hesitate to contact your veterinarian or go to the emergency room if you experience extreme unconsciousness, difficulty breathing, severe vomiting and diarrhea, or a swollen rash (allergies)!
Mood swings? Some dogs may paradoxically be more anxious, restless, aggressive, or overly depressed and sluggish after taking medication. Significant changes in behavior are also important feedback! Tell your vet.
Unauthorized “switching” is strictly prohibited! Dosage changes must be made in an orderly manner
Do not “leapfrog”: Do not double the dosage yourself, even if the effect seems to be poor! The risk of side effects increases. Want to increase the dose? Always consult your veterinarian first. Dosage adjustments are usually made gradually, depending on the response.
Discontinuing medication should be a “soft landing”! Especially in epilepsy treatment!
In dogs that have been on the drug for a long time (especially epileptic dogs), stopping the drug abruptly removes an important protective shield, and is likely to trigger a serious rebound - increased seizures or even a “mad dash” (status epilepticus, which is a life-threatening condition).
Any decision to discontinue must be made under the guidance of a veterinarian in a gradual tapering “exit plan” that may last several weeks.
Chemistry between medications: Be honest about medication history
Be sure to tell your veterinarian about everything your dog is taking (or has recently stopped taking):
Prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, nutraceuticals (fish oils, chondroitin, etc.), and even nutritional supplements.
Pay special attention to antacids that interfere with the absorption of gabapentin (especially those containing aluminum and magnesium), and be sure to space them out at least 2 hours apart.
There is a synergistic effect in combination with strong painkillers such as morphine, but you also need to be wary of excessive sedation.
Conclusion: Love in a dose.
Gabapentin has indeed brought relief and peace of mind to many dogs suffering from pain, anxiety or seizures. But the key to unlocking the door to good health is the keyhole - the exact dose for your dog's weight, a strict dosing schedule and your eyes. Always trust and rely on your veterinarian's guidance. Every time you take a pill, you're creating a unique formula for your dog's peace of mind; and by adhering to the dosage and timing, you're creating a precise barrier for him to protect himself.
Let love no longer have “just in case” - follow professional guidance, precise medication, so that this umbrella of protection for him, to maximize the safety and effectiveness. The dosage chart is in your hand, the veterinarian is in your heart, the weight of this responsibility is the weight of guarding its peace of mind. When it finally curls up next to you and breathes evenly and steadily, you will realize that this scientific “caution” will eventually be transformed into the most reassuring embrace.
Gabapentin Dosage for Dogs: 5 Critical Rules to Prevent Overdose
Gabapentin is often introduced by veterinarians as a glimmer of hope when watching a beloved furry child hobble around with chronic arthritis, convulse in pain from a seizure, or curl up in a ball of agitation during a thunderstorm. Its ability to soothe neuropathic pain, assist in stabilizing out-of-control brain waves, and relieve situational anxiety has made it a “peacekeeper” for many dogs.
However, there is often a fine line between effectiveness and risk. A single pill can be the difference between life and death. Improperly administered gabapentin - especially in excessive doses - is no longer a gentle soother, but can instantly turn into a life-threatening poison. A single negligent overdose can lead to a terrifying slippery slope from drowsy hobbling to respiratory failure, coma and even death.
As the most important dependency in your furry child's life, you hold in your hands not just the bottle of medicine, but its health and even its life. This heavy responsibility requires that we have the most rigorous knowledge of medication. The following 5 “iron rules” are a safety defense forged from countless lessons. Strict adherence to them is your most solemn commitment to your dog.
Rule 1: Doctor's orders are law - leave the precision to the professionals!
Absolute Core: Every dose of gabapentin, every interval between doses, must be the result of a veterinarian's handwritten prescription and instructions. This is not a recommendation, but the only legal basis for medication.
PERSONALIZATION IS THE LIFELINE: The dosage calculated by your veterinarian is based on your furball's unique physiological code: precise weight (kilogram level is key), age (older dogs have slow metabolism), liver and kidney health (major metabolic clearance organs), nature of the actual ailment (is it anxiety-relieving or anti-seizure?), and other medications being given at the same time. and other medications being taken at the same time. Like a customized suit, the dose that is right for the “next door dog” may very well be the poison for your “teddy”.
Key dosage framework (understood but not self-applied):
Pain/Anxiety: Starting point is usually in the range of 5-10 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (5-10 mg/kg), usually every 8-12 hours. The goal is to find the lowest effective dose that will work.
Epilepsy Management: This battlefield requires more firepower, with doses usually in the range of 10-20 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (10-20 mg/kg) and the need for strict 8-hourly dosing to maintain stable blood levels, as in the case of a precise guard rotation.
Remember: you are not the “doctor” when you have the bottle in your hand. Any deviation from the prescribed “I think...” ... is a dangerous temptation.
Rule 2: Be a Sensitive Sentinel - Catch the Body's Silent Alarms
When the drug enters the body, it opens a dialog with the dog. You are the key translator and alarmist.
Be alert for “early signals” (common side effects): In the first few days of taking the medication, your dog may experience:
“Drunkard's” Pace: Wobbly, staggering, and staggering around (ataxia).
“Sleepy head”: noticeable drowsiness, sleeping more heavily and for longer than usual.
“Groggy” state: Eyes are misty and balance is off.
Small gastrointestinal “protests”: decreased appetite, occasional vomiting, soft stools or mild diarrhea.
Most of these are initial reactions of the body adjusting to the medication, and they often subside over time (a few days to more than a week). However, it is important to keep track of when they occur, how long they last, and how severe they are (e.g., noticeable shakiness 1 hour after taking the drug that subsides after about 3 hours).
Raise a “red alert” (signs of overdose/severe reaction)!
Extreme drowsiness/coma: difficulty waking up, slow or absent response to stimuli.
Difficulty breathing: rapid, labored wheezing, mucous membranes of mouth and lips turn gray or blue.
Persistent vomiting/severe diarrhea: persistent, may lead to dehydration.
Severe allergies: swelling of the head and face, generalized hives.
Dramatic Changes in Abnormal Behavior: Extreme irritability, abnormal aggression, persistent whining, or uncontrollable fluttering/twitching of limbs.
⚠️ At any of these signs, discontinue medication immediately! Immediately, contact your veterinarian or go to an emergency animal hospital right away! Every minute is critical! ⚠️
Rule 3: Build a “brick wall” - the physical defense of drug safety!
No place for a furry child: Keep gabapentin (either in prescription bottles or in small, dispensed boxes) absolutely, positively out of your dog's reach! High in a cupboard, in a locked medicine cabinet, in your carry-on bag - safety is not something to be taken lightly. Dogs have a sense of smell, curiosity, and the ability to jump and climb far beyond your imagination! One success in rummaging through a bag can be replaced with a lifetime of regret.
Original Fortress: Keep your medication in its original bottle, with the clear prescription label as its ID, to avoid confusion with other medications. Never dispense into unmarked vials or cans for convenience!
Child safety double lock: If you have children at home, it is also important to keep your medications locked up and in containers that are out of reach of children and out of reach of open containers. Ensure “double insurance”.
Rule 4: Regular “Health Meetings” - Let your veterinarian be your ally!
Medication is not a one-time deal. Regular veterinary review is the key to dynamic monitoring and protection.
Purpose:
Efficacy Assessment: Is the medication working? Did the medication work? Anxiety improved? Seizure frequency reduced?
HEALTH MONITORING: Carefully check liver and kidney markers (especially with long-term medications) to assess the impact of potential side effects on the body.
Dosage Calibration: Over time, your dog's weight and condition may change; do you need to adjust the dosage? Your veterinarian will need to be able to determine this accurately through examination and your reported observations.
Catching the hidden problems: Catch subtle health changes or early adverse reactions to medications that you may not have noticed.
Scheduled follow-up appointments, as prescribed by your doctor, are the science behind minimizing risk. Let your veterinarian's eyes be an extension of your observations.
Rule 5: “Braking” and “accelerating” are strictly forbidden - smoothness is the key to stability and progress
Constant dosage is the cornerstone: never increase the dosage without authorization because you “feel that he is particularly uncomfortable today”! The stronger the drug, the better it is. Side effects often follow a steep rise in dosage, and the risk of poisoning increases dramatically. Not working well? The only solution is to consult your veterinarian!
Withdrawal: a carefully planned “retreat”!
Especially for dogs with controlled epilepsy! ⚠️ Abrupt withdrawal is a disastrous maneuver! ⚠️
The nerves of the brain have adapted to the presence of the medication after a long period of use. Suddenly stopping it is like removing a key pillar, causing a violent “rebound storm” - seizures may become more frequent and violent or even escalate to Status Epilepticus, which is extremely dangerous and has a very high mortality rate. This state is extremely dangerous and has a very high mortality rate.
A very patient Tapering Off program, designed and guided by your veterinarian, must be carried out, which can take weeks or longer, and is like descending a long, winding staircase, with each step taken carefully.
Any decision to change the medication regimen can only stem from the veterinarian's instructions and plan.
Gabapentin is not a beast, but a remedy in the hands of your veterinarian. The key to keeping this medication from harming your dog is in your strict adherence to the doctor's instructions, your watchful eyes, and your sense of safety.
Safe medication is the highest level of loving precision and the deepest respect for life. Every time you take medicine according to the prescription, every time you observe and record subtle changes, every time you ensure that the medicine bottle is safe and sound, and every time you follow up ...... as scheduled, these seemingly small actions are silently proclaiming, "Dear baby, every breath you take deserves to be guarded by me with the most extreme care. "
The weight of this commitment to safety will ultimately be transformed into its peaceful purr in your arms, its joyful pace when it runs again, and its clear gaze of total trust when it looks at you. Let science be the oar, responsibility be the boat, safe use of medication, protect your dog's peace of mind for a lifetime.
